Abbreviation: HUS
A thrombotic microangiopathy characterized by the HUS triad: thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and acute kidney injury. Shiga toxin-associated HUS is the most common form and predominantly affects children; it is caused by Shiga toxin-producing bacteria (most commonly Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7). Non-Shiga toxin-associated HUS is caused by complement pathway dysregulation (in complement-mediated HUS), infection, medication, transplant, or autoimmune disease.